Ku protein

The study suggests that lack of Ku protein leads to radiosensitivity in some tumours and that other factors are responsible for radiosensitive tumours with high Ku expression. It is likely that ...

Prof. Anja Groth leads a research group at the the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research (CPR), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen. Anja Groth received her PhD in Molecular Biology from the University of Copenhagen in 2004 for her research in the laboratory of Drs. Lukas and Bartek.Ku70 and Ku80 form a heterodimer, Ku, which possesses DNA end-binding activity (Mimori and Hardin, 1986). Purified Ku protein was found to promote the association of two DNA molecules in vitro; thus, it was proposed to possess end bridging or alignment activity (Ramsden and Gellert, 1998). Coilin is a nuclear protein that plays a role in Cajal body formation. The function of nucleoplasmic coilin is unknown. Here we report that coilin interacts with Ku70 and Ku80, which are major players in the DNA repair process. Ku proteins compete with SMN and SmB′ proteins for coilin interaction sites.Ku is a highly abundant DNA binding protein that exists as a stable heterodimer consisting of two subunits, Ku70 and Ku86. Ku70/Ku86 heterodimer is best characterized for its ability to recognize and bind the broken ends of double-strand DNA ( Walker et al., 2001 ).The Ku protein binds to DNA ends and other types of discontinuity in double-stranded DNA. It is a tightly associated heterodimer of approximately 70 kDa and approximately 80 kDa subunits that together with the approximately 470 kDa catalytic subunit, DNA-PKcs, form the DNA-dependent protein kinase. …Proteins are made up of amino acids. All proteins made in living organisms consist of combinations of 20 amino acids. These contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes sulfur and phosphorus.M Hammel, et al., Ku and DNA-dependent protein kinase dynamic conformations and assembly regulate DNA binding and the initial non-homologous end joining complex. J Biol Chem 285, 1414–1423 (2010). Crossref. PubMed. Google Scholar. 22. C Suloway, et al., Automated molecular microscopy: The new Leginon system. J Struct Biol 151, 41–60 …The Ku protein is involved in DNA double-strand break repair by non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ), which is crucial to the maintenance of genomic integrity in mammals. To study the role of Ku in ...

DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) is a large protein complex central to the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA-repair pathway. It comprises the DNA-PK catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and the heterodimer of DNA-binding proteins Ku70 and Ku80. ... Ku Autoantigen Associated data PDB/5W1R Grant support R01 AI125535/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States ...In this study, we further explored the protein components of the TCF-4 and β-catenin nuclear complex and identified that Ku70 and Ku80 proteins interact with TCF-4. The Ku autoantigen was originally identified as a nuclear protein recognized by autoantibodies in sera of patients with polymyositis-scleroderma overlap syndrome . The Ku ...In this study, we have examined the involvement of Ku in breast tumorigenesis and tumor progression and found that the Ku protein expression levels in human breast metastatic (MCF10AC1a) cells were higher in the chromatin fraction compared to hyperplastic (MCF10AT) and normal (MCF10A) human breast cells, but remained constant in both the ...Biography —. Dr. Scott Lovell has served as Director of the Protein Structure Laboratory (PSXL) at the University of Kansas (KU) since 2008 and has 27 years of experience in the X-ray crystallography field. He received his Ph.D. from Purdue University in chemistry where he was trained in X-ray crystallography and studied the structural and ...7 Jun 2023 ... Abstract. Non-homologous end-joining DNA repair is essential for the survival and sustenance of M. tuberculosis (Mtb) in the dormant stage ...We explore unique structural and functional aspects, detail Ku expression, conservation, and essentiality in different species, discuss the evidence for its involvement in a diverse range of cellular functions, highlight Ku protein interactions and recent work concerning Ku-binding motifs, and finally, we summarize the clinical Ku-related ...Structural proteins are used to build structural components of the body, such as bones and cartilage. The most common example of a structural protein is collagen which is found in the bones, cells and skin.

The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research (CPR) is based at the University of Copenhagen. It was established in 2007 and now employs approximately 203 people. CPR integrates innovative protein technologies, big data analytics, and mechanism-based research in order to explore how protein modifications and their functional networks drive fundamental biological processes that ...The X-ray crystal structure of human Ku heterodimer (PDB ID: 1JEQ) was downloaded from Protein Data Bank . All water molecules were removed, and AutoDockTools software [ 55 ] was used to prepare the required files for AutoDock-GPU by assigning hydrogen polaraties, calculating Gasteiger charges to protein structures, and converting protein ...In addition, mycobacteria contain a homo-dimeric Ku protein, homologous to the eukaryotic Ku70/Ku80 dimer, that plays roles in double-stranded break repair via non-homologous end-joining. Ku has ...Through protein-protein contacts eventually reinforced by protein-DNA interactions, the Ku-DNA hub attracts a series of specialized proteins with scaffolding and/or enzymatic properties.Human Ku heterodimeric protein composed of Ku70 and Ku80 subunits plays an important role in the non-homologous end-joining DNA repair pathway as a sensor of double strand DNA breaks. Ku is also ...

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The Ku protein existed before the differentiation of Mycobacterium species, which was an important protein involved in maintaining of the genome's integrity and related to the special growth stage of mycobacteria. It was rare in prokaryotes. These features made it a highly special differentia …The Ku protein is a complex of two subunits, Ku70 and Ku80, and it plays a role in multiple nuclear processes, e.g., nonhomologous DNA-end-joining (NHEJ), chromosome maintenance, and transcription regulation. On the other hand, several studies have reported a cytoplasmic or cell surface localization of Ku in various cell types. The mechanism ...The authors favor a model in which there is direct competition between the Ku protein and HSF1 for binding to a common DNA site, but the data are also consistent with competition between the Ku protein and HSF1 for limiting amounts of the DNA-PK catalytic subunit, as discussed in the text of this review. 38Here, a 3D structural model of the full-length Ku protein is proposed on the basis of single-particle EM experiments. Results Ku purification and its interaction with DNA. Ku70–Ku80 was purified from HeLa cells . The ability of our preparation to form a stable complex with DNA was tested by incubation with a 54 bp oligonucleotide.Oct 15, 2023 · The protein encoded by this gene is the 80-kilodalton subunit of the Ku heterodimer protein which is also known as ATP-dependant DNA helicase II or DNA repair protein XRCC5. Ku is the DNA-binding component of the DNA-dependent protein kinase, and it functions together with the DNA ligase IV-XRCC4 complex in the repair of DNA double-strand break ... It has been reported that KU protein (e.g., KU70/80 protein complex) plays a crucial role in eukaryotic NHEJ (Ding et al., 2019). When knocking out ( Meyer et al., 2007 ) or interrupting ( Carvalho et al., 2010 ) kusA , a Ku70 homolog gene, NHEJ was significantly inhibited in A. niger MA70.15, and the positive rate of transformants via HR …

In addition, mycobacteria contain a homo-dimeric Ku protein, homologous to the eukaryotic Ku70/Ku80 dimer, that plays roles in double-stranded break repair via non-homologous end-joining. Ku has ...Unlike E. coli, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mt) expresses a Ku-like protein and an ATP-dependent DNA ligase that can perform non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). We have expressed the Mt-Ku and Mt-Ligase D in E. coli using an arabinose-inducible promoter and expression vectors that integrate into specific sites in the E. coli chromosome.E. coli strains have been generated that express the Mt-Ku ...(C) Electrophoretic mobility shift assay of radiolabeled ds DNA probe incubated with purified human recombinant Ku protein in the presence of various competitor ssO bearing a biotin moiety at the 3′-, 5′- or 3′- and 5′- end, blocked or not by streptavidin, as indicated. ds probe and ssO amount in reactions were 0.2 and 10 pmol ...In most cells, Ku (an heterodimer of two tightly associated sub-units called Ku70 and. Ku80), is an abondant protein located in the nucleus, where it plays a ...We present evidence that inactivation of the Ku70 gene leads to a propensity for malignant transformation both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, Ku70-/- mouse fibroblasts displayed an increased rate of sister chromatid exchange and a high frequency of spontaneous neoplastic transformation. In vivo, Ku …NHEJ in M. tuberculosis requires two proteins (16,17): a Ku protein (Mt-Ku) and an ATP-dependent ligase (Ligase D). The Mt-Ku protein is only ∼30 kDa and forms a homodimer that binds DNA termini . This binding recruits the Ligase D via the N-terminus of the ligase (19,20). Bacterial Ku therefore functions in a similar way to human Ku; binding ...Ku protein, a heterodimer of 70 and 83 kDa polypeptides, is the regulatory component of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). Ku protein binds to DNA ends and is essential for DNA double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination. Although there is some evidence that Ku protein also binds RNA, …Bacterial Ku is usually found as a single gene and exists as homodimers. It is much smaller than the eukaryotic Ku proteins and does not include the vWA and SAP domains that make Ku 70/80 distinct. These additional domains allow eukaryotic Ku to behave as a scaffold protein and interact with the variety of factors in the more complex NHEJ system.It has been reported that KU protein (e.g., KU70/80 protein complex) plays a crucial role in eukaryotic NHEJ (Ding et al., 2019). When knocking out ( Meyer et al., 2007 ) or interrupting ( Carvalho et al., 2010 ) kusA , a Ku70 homolog gene, NHEJ was significantly inhibited in A. niger MA70.15, and the positive rate of transformants via HR …Oct 22, 2009 · In NHEJ, DSBs are recognized by the Ku protein that then binds and activates the protein kinase DNA-PKcs, leading to recruitment and activation of end-processing enzymes, polymerases and DNA ...

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Regarding Ku protein degradation, neddylation at DSB sites promotes the ubiquitination of Ku after DNA damage . The ubiquitin–proteasome pathway is the main intracellular and non-lysosomal protein degradation system and regulates several cellular processes including gene expression control and cell cycle progression [ 33 ]. multifunctional ATP-dependent Ligase-D and Ku protein that collectively protect, process, and ligate DNA ends (13,14). Other bacteria, such as70 the prevalent gut . 71. commensal . Escherichia coli. where Ligase-D-like and Ku-like proteins have not been . 72. found are generally accepted to be NHEJ-free (12) and rely only on HR to repair . 73 ...Jan 1, 2001 · The Ku protein-DNA-dependent protein kinase system is one of the major pathways by which cells of higher eukaryotes respond to double-strand DNA breaks. The components of the system are evolutionarily conserved and homologs are known from a number of organisms. The Ku protein component binds directly to DNA ends and may help align them for ... The DNA repair protein Ku (a heterodimer of Ku70 and Ku80 subunits) associates with mammalian telomeres and contributes to telomere maintenance. Here, we analyzed the physical association of Ku with human telomerase both in vivo and in vitro. Antibodies specific to human Ku proteins precipitated human telomerase in extracts from tumor cells, as ...Ku is the regulatory subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). This enzyme plays a role in DNA repair, recombination, and transcription.The Ku protein binds to DNA ends and other types of discontinuity in double-stranded DNA. It is a tightly associated heterodimer of approximately 70 kDa and approximately 80 kDa subunits that together with the approximately 470 kDa catalytic subunit, DNA-PKcs, form the DNA-dependent protein kinase. …In vertebrates, Ku serves as the DNA targeting subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), which together with Ku forms the DNA-PK holoenzyme ( 41). DNA-PKcs is an ~465 kDa polypeptide, the C-terminal region of which has homology to the catalytic domains of proteins of the phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase-like (PIKK ...The DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) is composed of a DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and Ku70/Ku80 heterodimer. ... (DSB), which are considered the most deleterious type of DNA damage. In particular, DNA-PKcs and Ku are shown to be essential for DSB repair through nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ). The phenotypes ...Introduction. Ku is a heterodimeric protein, comprising two tightly associated subunits of ∼70 and ∼83 kDa, that has been found in many organisms, ranging from Saccharomyces cerevisiae to man ( 1).Although some information has been obtained regarding the regions of the Ku polypeptides that interact with one another ( 2-8), very little is known about the molecular mechanism of this ...

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In Ku and/or DNA-PKcs-defective cell lines, some DSB repair occurs by 2 h post-IR, which could reflect rejoining by back-up NHEJ or incomplete siRNA. ... Jasin M (2001) Ku DNA end-binding protein modulates homologous repair of double-strand breaks in mammalian cells. Genes Dev 15: 3237-3242 [PMC free article] [Google Scholar]The Ku80/Ku70 heterodimer (Ku) exhibits sequence-independent affinity for double-stranded termini and, on binding to DNA, recruits and activates the DNA-PKcs catalytic subunit. Additional proteins are required for the completion of NHEJ, including the Artemis protein and DNA ligase IV. Importantly, NHEJ is an error-prone repair pathway.Oxidative stress induces DNA damage which can be repaired by DNA repair proteins, such as Ku70/80. Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulate the activation of caspase-3, which degrades Ku 70/80. Cells with decreased Ku protein levels undergo apoptosis. Astaxanthin exerts antioxidant activity by inducing the expression of catalase, an antioxidant enzyme, in gastric epithelial cells ...The Ku protein is localized in the nucleus and is composed of subunits referred to as Ku70 (p70) and Ku86 (p86) which is also known by the synonym Ku80 or (p80). Ku was first described as an autoantigen to which antibodies were produced in a patient with scleroderma polymyositis overlap syndrome, and was later found in the sera of patients with ...Ku, also known as nuclear Factor IV, is an abundant nuclear DNA-binding protein which requires free DNA ends for the initial interaction with double-stranded …The DNA-dependent protein kinase: requirement for DNA ends and association with Ku antigen. Cell 72 , 131-142 (1993). Article CAS PubMed Google ScholarKu protein is a complex of two subunits, Ku70 and Ku80. Ku is suspected to participate in both DNA double-strand break repair and transcription. Since both of these processes take place in the cell nucleus, we have been investigating the subcellular localization and nuclear transport of Ku proteins. …Since the results in Figure Figure1 1 indicate comparable abundance and activity for Ku protein in HeLa and M059-J cell extracts, the reduced inhibition in extracts of the latter cells, can be attributed to the absence of DNA-PKcs. Thus, DNA-PKcs stabilizes the interactions of Ku with the DNA and directs end joining to a Ku dependent pathway.Prism (protein interactions by structural matching) is a system that employs a novel prediction algorithm for protein-protein interactions. It adopts a bottom-up approach that combines structure and sequence conservation in protein interfaces. The algorithm seeks possible binary interactions between …The eukaryotic Ku protein has key roles in DNA repair and in certain transposition events. Here we show that the Gam protein of phage Mu is conserved in bacteria, has sequence homology with both ...Identified in a complex with DEAF1 and XRCC5 ( PubMed: 22442688 ). Interacts with DEAF1 (via the SAND domain); the interaction is direct and may be inhibited by DNA-binding ( PubMed: 22442688 ). Interacts with CLU ( By similarity ). Interacts with NR4A3; the DNA-dependent protein kinase complex DNA-PK phosphorylates and activates NR4A3 and ... ….

Ku protein, together with Rap1p, a telomeric DNA (TG 1-3 repeat)-binding protein, is also required to initiate transcriptional silencing, or telomere-position effect (TPE). Here, we provide evidence for a direct role of Ku in TPE, which is most likely to be in either the recruitment or activation of Sir4 protein at the telomere. Surprisingly ...Since EV71 and poliovirus share identical genome organization and similar protein functions, ... P1 (lanes 1 and 2), whereas the Bac-P1-infected cells expressed a protein with a molecular mass corresponding to 97 ku, indicating the successful expression of P1 (lane 3). Other P1-associated proteins migrating faster than P1 were also found …Collectively, our data show that zinc-finger protein ZNF384 is an adapter of Ku to DNA during DSB repair via cNHEJ. Results. ZNF384 is recruited to DNA damage sites and interacts with NHEJ proteins.Ku is a heterodimeric protein (Ku70-Ku80) that was first identified as an autoantigen in the sera of patients with autoimmune diseases (Mimori et al., 1981).It is a versatile guard of the genome that participates in its duplication, repair and telomeric maintenance, as well as the suppression of chromosomal rearrangements (reviewed in Tuteja and Tuteja, 2000; Zannis-Hadjopoulos et al., 2004 ...Structural proteins are used to build structural components of the body, such as bones and cartilage. The most common example of a structural protein is collagen which is found in the bones, cells and skin.Fig 1 . Expression levels and localization of Ku protein in normal (MCF10A), transformed (MCF10AT) and cancer (MCF10AC1a) breast cell lines. A) Western blot analysis of Ku70 and Ku86 heterodimer in cytoplasmic, nuclear, and chromatin fractions. 5µg of protein extracts from each cell line were immunoblotted for Ku86 and Ku70.Ku is a dimeric protein complex that binds to DNA double-strand break ends and is required for the non-homologous end joining pathway of DNA repair. Ku is evolutionarily conserved from bacteria to humans. The ancestral bacterial Ku is a homodimer . Eukaryotic Ku is a heterodimer of two polypeptides, Ku70 and Ku80 , so named because the molecular weight of the human Ku proteins is around 70 kDa ...Services Offered: Protein construct design, expression and purification for crystallization (gene-to-structure) Protein crystallization (only 12 mL of protein needed per 96-well screen) High throughput methods using robotics for crystallization and crystal imaging. Screening of protein ligand, inhibitor complexes and protein:protein complexes.Protein-peptide interactions play a fundamental role in many cellular processes, but remain underexplored experimentally and difficult to model computationally. Here, we present PepNN-Struct and ...About this page Ku AND Ki AUTOANTIBODIES HAOYANG ZHUANG, ... WESTLEY H. REEVES, in Autoantibodies (Second Edition), 2007 Ku and DNA-PKcs Antigens The Ku antigen plays an essential role in the DNA non-homologous end-joining reaction [ 6] ( Figure 23.1 ). This pathway prevents cell death or mutations due to double-strand DNA breaks. Ku protein, [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1]