Dermnet

Definition. Dermatology is the medical discipline that is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the skin, hair, and nails in both children and adults. Specialists in dermatology are called dermatologists.. The New Zealand Dermatological Society’s definition is comprehensive: “Dermatology involves but is not limited to study, research, …

Dyskeratosis congenita. Fungal nail infections. Habit-tic nail deformity. Leukonychia. Lichen planus nail images. Median canaliform nail dystrophy. Medical nail avulsion. Melanonychia. Melanoma of nail unit. Pityriasis alba is a common skin disorder in children (90%) and young adults. It is particularly prevalent in atopics. It is characterised by one or more flaky pink patches and hypopigmentation. The patches are often found on the cheeks and upper arms and are more noticeable in darker skinned children. It is generally asymptomatic. The cause of cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita is unknown but is likely to be a genetic mutation. A possible variation in the ARL6IP6 gene has been suggested. The child may have other congenital naevi, such as a café-au-lait macule , mongolion spot ( dermal melanocytosis), naevus flammeus, type 5 phakomatosis pigmentovascularis or ... Learn about atopic dermatitis, the most common inflammatory skin disease worldwide, affecting people with an atopic tendency. Find out the causes, clinical features, complications, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition.Pityriasis lichenoides (PL) is an uncommon cutaneous rash of uncertain aetiology . The acute form, pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA), and the chronic form, pityriasis lichenoides chronica (PLC), sit at either end of a disease spectrum with many patients showing overlapping features. The eponym Mucha–Habermann disease is ...

Narrowband ultraviolet B (UVB) (311–312 nm wavelengths) is also known as TL01 light therapy (after the type of fluorescent tubes used). Narrowband UVB is particularly effective in thin chronic plaque psoriasis and guttate psoriasis, especially in the winter months. It is generally felt to be safe and well-tolerated.Perioral vitiligo. Vitiligo of the fingers and dorsal hands - note the striking symmetry. Segmental vitiligo on one lid and the ipsilateral forehead. Segmental vitiligo on the trunk. Vitiligo over the knuckles - keobnerisation due to trauma often localises vitiligo. Small patch vitiligo over the trunk.Introduction. Itch is defined by a desire to scratch. An acute or chronic itchy rash is most often due to dermatitis / eczema. Dermatitis can be primary, or secondary to scratching. Stages include: Acute dermatitis: red, oozy, swollen skin. Subacute dermatitis: red, dry skin. Chronic dermatitis: skin coloured or dark, dry, thickened skin with ...Scalp psoriasis is a skin condition characterised by red, thickened, well- demarcated patches or plaques with overlying silvery-white scales, affecting part or all of the scalp. It can be contained within the hairline, though frequently affects the back of the head, or extends onto the forehead ( facial psoriasis ), ears, or neck.Exercise-induced vasculitis is a harmless form of cutaneous small vessel vasculitis. It is also called golfer's vasculitis. It is a neutrophilic inflammatory disorder involving the small or medium-sized blood vessels of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. When only the small capillary vessels are involved, it is also called exercise-induced ...Dec 31, 2019 · Trichoscopy involves examination of the scalp and hair using a handheld or a videodermoscopy device. Examination with a dermatoscope (trichoscope) can reassure patients that they have received a thorough scalp examination and provide the clinician with invaluable in vivo information about scalp and hair shaft pathology.

Omalizumab is a humanised monoclonal antibody ( biological treatment) that binds to circulating immunoglobulin E ( IgE) and reduces the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils. In New Zealand, it is currently (as of 2020) licensed as an add-on therapy for patients with severe, persistent allergic asthma and for patients ...Pityriasis lichenoides (PL) is an uncommon cutaneous rash of uncertain aetiology . The acute form, pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA), and the chronic form, pityriasis lichenoides chronica (PLC), sit at either end of a disease spectrum with many patients showing overlapping features. The eponym Mucha–Habermann disease is ...Erythema multiforme is an immune-mediated, typically self-limiting, mucocutaneous condition characterised by ‘target’ lesions . Significant mucosal involvement distinguishes erythema multiforme major from multiforme minor. Episodes can be isolated, recurrent, or persistent. In most cases, erythema multiforme is precipitated by herpes ...Actinic keratoses are very common on sites repeatedly exposed to the sun, especially the backs of the hands and the face, most often affecting the ears, nose, cheeks, upper lip, vermilion of the lower lip, temples, forehead, and balding scalp. In severely chronically sun-damaged individuals, they may also be found on the upper trunk, upper and ... Sydenham chorea – This is a disorder of the nervous system characterised by personality changes, muscle weakness, and involuntary movements. Erythema marginatum rheumaticum – This is a characteristic type of annular erythema that occurs in about 10% of first attacks of ARF in children; it is very rare in adults.

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Dec 31, 2019 · Trichoscopy involves examination of the scalp and hair using a handheld or a videodermoscopy device. Examination with a dermatoscope (trichoscope) can reassure patients that they have received a thorough scalp examination and provide the clinician with invaluable in vivo information about scalp and hair shaft pathology.The mottled appearance of cutis marmorata is caused by superficial small blood vessels in the skin dilating and contracting at the same time. Dilation creates the red colour of the skin whilst contraction produces a pale appearance. This phenomenon is most pronounced when the skin is cooled. The reasons for the reaction are not fully understood.Fixed drug eruption is a delayed type IV hypersensitivity reaction. In the initial phase memory CD8+ T-cells at the dermo- epidermal junction release interferon-gamma when activated by the medication antigen causing epidermal basal layer damage. Recruited T-cells and neutrophils damage melanocytes and keratinocytes.Dermoid cysts occur mostly on the face (outer eyebrow, eyelid, upper nose), neck, or scalp but they may occur anywhere in the body. The cyst is usually a solitary, firm, dough-like lump and ranges in size from 0.5–6 cm in diameter. It can be associated with a nearby pit and/or sinus tract to underlying tissues. Chronic venous insufficiency can be caused by: Venous factors. Incompetent valve in the superficial, perforating, and deep systems. External compression of veins. Deep venous obstruction. Previous deep vein thrombosis. Impaired calf muscle pump. Immobility including lack of physical exercise and paralysis. Joint disease particularly of the ankle.

Actinic keratoses are very common on sites repeatedly exposed to the sun, especially the backs of the hands and the face, most often affecting the ears, nose, cheeks, upper lip, vermilion of the lower …Learn about pityriasis rosea, a self-limiting rash that causes a large circular or oval patch on the chest, abdomen, or back. Find out the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and complications of this condition. · Heat urticaria is a rare type of physical or chronic inducible urticaria. It is also called contact heat urticaria and localised heat urticaria. Heat urticaria occurs following the direct contact of a warm stimulus to the skin. The onset of urticaria is typically rapid (within minutes) and the urticaria resolves within 1–2 hours. Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a common, rapidly growing, locally destructive skin tumour . KAs may regress spontaneously with scarring, but clinically they may be indistinguishable from well- differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and the clinical course may be unpredictable. Thus, many clinicians and pathologists prefer the term SCC, KA-type ... Periorificial dermatitis is a common facial skin problem characterised by groups of itchy or tender small red papules. The area around the eyes, nose, and mouth are most commonly affected, however papules may also be found on the genitals. The characteristics of facial periorificial dermatitis are as follows. By definition, dermographism appearing at least 30 minutes after stroking. It may be described after a typical weal of immediate dermographism comes and goes, 3–6 hours later a wide weal reappears without a flare at the same site and persists for up to 48 hours. Associated with burning and tenderness of the weal. Photosensitivity refers to various symptoms, diseases and conditions caused or aggravated by exposure to sunlight. A rash due to photosensitivity is a photodermatosis (plural photodermatoses). If the rash is eczematous, it is a photodermatitis. A chemical or drug that causes photosensitivity is a photosensitiser.Dermatology Quiz Course - Beginners. Click here for the advanced course. Test your knowledge on common dermatology cases. Join our beginners dermatology quiz … Treatment for acne depends on the patient's age and sex, the extent and the severity of the acne, how long it has been present, and response to previous treatments. Treatment for mild acne includes topical anti-acne preparations, lasers and lights. Treatment for moderate acne includes antibiotics such as tetracyclines and/or antiandrogens such ...

Inflammatory skin conditions. Chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis. Otitis externa. Contact allergic dermatitis to nickel. Chilblains. Juvenile spring eruption. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Relapsing polychondritis. Scalp psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and seborrhoeic dermatitis frequently affect the skin fold behind the ear.

The solar (actinic) keratosis is the most common precursor lesion for squamous cell carcinoma. Histologically, atypical keratinocytes are found in the basal layer of the epidermis. Actinic keratoses are found on sun-exposed sites, mainly face, ears and hands. They are often multiple and have a hard scaly surface without induration (which would ...The mottled appearance of cutis marmorata is caused by superficial small blood vessels in the skin dilating and contracting at the same time. Dilation creates the red colour of the skin whilst contraction produces a pale appearance. This phenomenon is most pronounced when the skin is cooled. The reasons for the reaction are not fully understood. Lip licker’s dermatitis is a reaction of the lips ( eczematous cheilitis) and surrounding skin ( irritant contact dermatitis) due to contact with an irritating substance — in this case, saliva from the patient’s own tongue [1,2]. Other names for lip licker's dermatitis are lip-lick cheilitis, irritant contact cheilitis due to lip-licking ... Pityriasis rosea is a self-limiting rash, which resolves in about 6–10 weeks. It is characterised by a large circular or oval "herald patch ", usually found on the chest, abdomen, or back. The herald patch is followed some time later, typically two weeks or so, by the development of smaller scaly oval red patches, resembling a Christmas tree ... Erythema multiforme is an immune-mediated, typically self-limiting, mucocutaneous condition characterised by ‘target’ lesions . Significant mucosal involvement distinguishes erythema multiforme major from multiforme minor. Episodes can be isolated, recurrent, or persistent. In most cases, erythema multiforme is precipitated by herpes ...  · Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis is an uncommon skin condition characterised by fever and inflamed or blistered skin and mucosal lesions. Neutrophilic dermatoses are autoinflammatory conditions often associated with systemic disease. Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis also has the eponymous …DermNet does not provide an online consultation service. If you have any concerns with your skin or its treatment, see a dermatologist for advice. Pityriasis rosea is a self-limiting rash, which resolves in about 6–10 weeks. It is characterised by a large circular or oval "herald patch ", usually found on the chest, abdomen, or back. The herald patch is followed some time later, typically two weeks or so, by the development of smaller scaly oval red patches, resembling a Christmas tree ... Perioral vitiligo. Vitiligo of the fingers and dorsal hands - note the striking symmetry. Segmental vitiligo on one lid and the ipsilateral forehead. Segmental vitiligo on the trunk. Vitiligo over the knuckles - keobnerisation due to trauma often localises vitiligo. Small patch vitiligo over the trunk. Athlete's foot is a term often used to describe a fungal infection (or dermatophytosis) of the foot ( tinea pedis ). It most often results in peeling skin and fissuring between the toes (the toe clefts ). The cleft between the fourth and fifth toes is the most frequently affected. Fungal infection is not the only reason for peeling and ...

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A fibrous papule of the nose is a common and harmless skin lesion. It is a firm solitary papule that occurs on or around the nose and has a characteristic appearance under the microscope. A fibrous papule of the nose may also be known as a fibrous papule of the face, solitary angiofibroma, or sporadic angiofibroma. Erythema multiforme is an immune-mediated, typically self-limiting, mucocutaneous condition characterised by ‘target’ lesions . Significant mucosal involvement distinguishes erythema multiforme major from multiforme minor. Episodes can be isolated, recurrent, or persistent. In most cases, erythema multiforme is precipitated by herpes ... Cutaneous signs in dermatology are pathognomonic or diagnostic for certain conditions. A knowledge of these signs is a useful skill, which must not be forgotten in the recent trend … · Diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP), also known as diphencyprone, is an experimental sensitising agent used by some dermatology centres to treat skin conditions by contact immunotherapy. Diphenylcyclopropenone is most often used to treat alopecia areata. Diphenylcyclopropenone is made up in acetone. Schamberg disease ( progressive pigmented purpura) Schamberg disease is the most common type of capillaritis. Regular or irregular crops of red-brown flat patches with cayenne pepper spots on their borders appear for no apparent reason. Although most common on the lower legs, the Schamberg form of capillaritis can arise on any part of the body. Narrowband ultraviolet B (UVB) (311–312 nm wavelengths) is also known as TL01 light therapy (after the type of fluorescent tubes used). Narrowband UVB is particularly effective in thin chronic plaque psoriasis and guttate psoriasis, especially in the winter months. It is generally felt to be safe and well-tolerated.Pustules are smaller than 5–10 mm, and filled with pus, that is, purulent material composed of inflammatory cells ( neutrophils ). Pus can indicate bacterial, fungal or viral infection. Some pustules are sterile and are due to inflammatory skin disease. This topic provides a differential diagnosis of pustular skin conditions.Photosensitivity refers to various symptoms, diseases and conditions caused or aggravated by exposure to sunlight. A rash due to photosensitivity is a photodermatosis (plural photodermatoses). If the rash is eczematous, it is a photodermatitis. A chemical or drug that causes photosensitivity is a photosensitiser.Exercise-induced vasculitis is a harmless form of cutaneous small vessel vasculitis. It is also called golfer's vasculitis. It is a neutrophilic inflammatory disorder involving the small or medium-sized blood vessels of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. When only the small capillary vessels are involved, it is also called exercise-induced ... · Heat urticaria is a rare type of physical or chronic inducible urticaria. It is also called contact heat urticaria and localised heat urticaria. Heat urticaria occurs following the direct contact of a warm stimulus to the skin. The onset of urticaria is typically rapid (within minutes) and the urticaria resolves within 1–2 hours.Narrowband ultraviolet B (UVB) (311–312 nm wavelengths) is also known as TL01 light therapy (after the type of fluorescent tubes used). Narrowband UVB is particularly effective in thin chronic plaque psoriasis and guttate psoriasis, especially in the winter months. It is generally felt to be safe and well-tolerated. Erythema multiforme is an immune-mediated, typically self-limiting, mucocutaneous condition characterised by ‘target’ lesions . Significant mucosal involvement distinguishes erythema multiforme major from multiforme minor. Episodes can be isolated, recurrent, or persistent. In most cases, erythema multiforme is precipitated by herpes ... ….

The typical clinical presentation of anetoderma is of multiple round well-defined 1–2 cm lesions with wrinkly skin overlying a palpable depression, the so-called button-hole sign. Lesions may be flat, raised or depressed, skin-coloured or bluish-white. Anetoderma lesions are most commonly found on the chest, back, neck and arms, but any site ...Common benign skin lesions of melanocytic origin include the ephilis, lentigo simplex, and melanocytic naevus (mole). Ephilides are genetically determined well-defined small brown macules with the following characteristics: 1–4 mm in diameter. Tan or brown colour. Located in areas exposed to the sun such as the face and forearms. · Syphilis is transmitted sexually from person to person, either by direct contact with syphilitic ulcers or by infected blood through microtrauma during sexual intercourse. Syphilis ulcers occur most commonly on the genitals and on the anal area, but can also occur on the lips or mouth. Hence, sex in any form — vaginal, anal, or oral — is ...Actinic keratoses are very common on sites repeatedly exposed to the sun, especially the backs of the hands and the face, most often affecting the ears, nose, cheeks, upper lip, vermilion of the lower lip, temples, forehead, and balding scalp. In severely chronically sun-damaged individuals, they may also be found on the upper trunk, upper and ... Psoriasis is a multifactorial systemic disease including inflammation and epidermal hyperproliferation. Nail psoriasis can involve the nail bed, nail matrix, hyponychium, and nail folds. Theories include: Activation of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 by Candida and the cytokine overflow theory. Increased expression of interleukin (IL)-10 in the ... Sebaceous hyperplasia is the term used for enlarged sebaceous glands seen on the forehead or cheeks of the middle-aged and older people. Sebaceous hyperplasia appears as small yellow bumps up to 3 mm in diameter. Close inspection reveals a central hair follicle surrounded by yellowish lobules. There are often prominent blood vessels, best … Mastocytosis is a diverse group of disorders characterised by the expansion and accumulation of mast cells in one or more organ systems. It can affect the skin, bone marrow, liver, spleen, gastrointestinal tract, or lymph nodes . In 2022, the World Health Organisation (WHO) categorised three main types of mastocytosis: Scalp psoriasis is a skin condition characterised by red, thickened, well- demarcated patches or plaques with overlying silvery-white scales, affecting part or all of the scalp. It can be contained within the hairline, though frequently affects the back of the head, or extends onto the forehead ( facial psoriasis ), ears, or neck.Actinic keratoses are very common on sites repeatedly exposed to the sun, especially the backs of the hands and the face, most often affecting the ears, nose, cheeks, upper lip, vermilion of the lower lip, temples, forehead, and balding scalp. In severely chronically sun-damaged individuals, they may also be found on the upper trunk, upper and ...Created 2003. Links to pages about skin conditions that favour the feet. Acral lentiginous melanoma. Allergic contact dermatitis. Athlete's foot. Capillaritis. Chilblains and chilblain lupus erythematosus. Cracked heels. Diabetic foot ulcer. Dermnet, [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1], [text-1-1]